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The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Bombay (or Mumbai) is a Latin particular church of the Roman Catholic Church in central India's state of Maharashtra. The archdiocese has been a Metropolitan see since its elevation by Pope Leo XIII on 1 September 1886. Its cathedral episcopal see is the Cathedral of the Holy Name, in Bombay (Mumbai). It also has a Minor Basilica of Our Lady of the Mount (Mount Mary Church), in Bandra. As of 2006, the archdiocese had 277 diocesan priests, 283 religious priests, 383 male religious orders and 1,530 female religious orders. The archdiocese serves a total of 506,976 Catholics in 121 parishes scattered across the Mumbai Metropolitan Region (formerly ''Bombay''). The current archbishop is Oswald Gracias, who was appointed on 14 October 2006 by Pope Benedict XVI.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 Appointments )〕 == History == The Portuguese first reached the west coast of India when Vasco da Gama landed at Calicut in 1498.〔(【引用サイトリンク】Vasco da Gama (c.1460 - 1524) ) 〕 They finally established themselves at Goa in 1510. In 1526, they established a factory in Bassein. In 1534, the islands of Bassein, Salsette, Bombay and Karanja were ceded to the Portuguese by Bahadur Shah of Gujarat. In this very year, the Archdiocese of Goa was created and the whole of the western coast around Bombay formed part of that archdiocese.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 Archdiocese of Goa )〕 Missionary activities in Bassein (Burma), Salsette and Bombay commenced from 1534 onwards, thus laying the foundation of the future Archdiocese of Bombay. The Portuguese missionaries who accompanied the conquerors were the Franciscans, Jesuits, Dominicans and Augustinians. In 1637, the Holy See established the Apostolic Vicariate of Idalcan, also called Bijapur or Deccan, on vast territory split off from the Metropolitan Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Goa. In 1665, the Bombay Island was ceded to the British as a part of the marriage dowry to Charles II of England by Catherine of Braganza of Portugal.〔 〕 In 1669 the pre-diocesan jurisdiction was renamed as Apostolic Vicariate of Great Mogul, exceptionally after the imperial Muslim prince above the princely states of Hind(ustan). The year 1692 marked the end of the Jesuit presence in Bombay. The Decree expelling the Portuguese Franciscans from Bombay was issued by the British on 24 May 1720. On 17 May 1784, it lost huge territory to establish the Mission sui juris of Hindustan, nucleus of the Archbishopric of Agra. Later, the British allowed the Italian Carmelites to take charge of the Catholic community in Bombay. In 1794, the double jurisdiction was devised by the British, which let them interfere in the religious life of the Catholics. In 1820it was renamed after its see to Apostolic Vicariate of Bombay. On 12 December 1853 the Carmelites decided to give up the administration of the Bombay Mission. The Holy See accepted their resignation and thus ended, after a period of 133 years (1720–1853), the Carmelite administration of the Vicariate of Bombay. On 16 February 1854 the Propaganda Fide officially divided the Bombay Vicariate into the northern Vicariate of Bombay, entrusted the Bombay Vicariate to the Capuchin Fathers (comprising the islands of Bombay, Colaba, Aurangabad, Khandesh, Malwa, Gujarat and Sindh as far as Kabul and Punjab) and the newly established southern Apostolic Vicariate of Poona (comprising the islands of Salsette and Bassein, and the regions of the Konkan and Deccan or Bijapur), entrusted to the Jesuit Fathers. Finally, the Metropolitan Archdiocese of Bombay was established by Pope Leo XIII on 1 September 1886. The archdiocese received territorial jurisdiction over Bombay Island and over the northern districts of the Vicariate of Bombay with Poona as a suffragan diocese. Mangalore and Trichinopoly were added as suffragan sees in 1893, in which year the First Provincial Council was held (Acta et Decreta, Bombay, 1898). It lost further territory repeatedly : on 1948.05.20 to establish the Diocese of Karachi (in Pakistan), on 1949.05.05 to establish the Diocese of Ahmedabad, on 1966.09.29 to establish the Diocese of Baroda, on 1988.04 to establish the Diocese of Kalyan and on 1998.05.22 to establish the Diocese of Vasai (its suffragan). It enjoyed papal visits from Pope Paul VI in December 1964 and Pope John Paul II in February 1986. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Bombay」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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